What is a sector of space time

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What is a sector of space time

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A sector is not just a 3D depiction of space, but also time. So as originally envisioned by non-scientists, various starclusters (six to ten star systems ie solar systems as Earth's star is called the "sun, but its name is Sol) would fit within a designated unit as a group.

In Birth of the Empires, this designated unit is 20 light years in a map grid using an x and y axis, but not a z axis nor the forth component of time as every aspect travels in orbits. Planets travel in elipses.
Bild
20 Light years have 83 star systems comprised of 109 stars and 8 brown dwarfs. Why more stars than star systems? Some are binary star systems.
http://www.atlasoftheuniverse.com/20lys.html

The solid blue line depicts up on the z axis and the dashed blue line depicts down on the z axis.
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Re: What is a sector of space time

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Now there is no way to depict multiple stars in a top down depiction of a galaxy. So as you can see, celestial mechanics is highly complex. To plot a navigational course has to account for not just two dimensions but four and then account for the method of travel as well.

To plot an intercept course of a starship, one does all of that plus the anticipated movement of that starship in four dimensions plus its speed.

The chance of intercepting a starship in just one sector of 20 light years is negligable as it can go anywhere in that 20 light year region across length, widith, height, and time plus a star ship can even enter a planet's orbit within a star system. Finding a needle in a cosmic haystack would infintesimally remote.

To use an old expression it would be "like finding a black dog in the night".
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Re: What is a sector of space time

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Bild
Every object in a star system has mass and exerts a gravity well on its region of space time. So the star (or stars in a binary or more star system) exerts a gravitational force on space time and causes a curving of space time or also known as a distortion.
https://blog.edecker.net/wp-content/upl ... ells-2.png

Imagine a black blanket on your bed and you put heavy objects on that blanketed bed. Each heavy object makes the mattress sink in proportion to the mass each contains.

The too often used slingshot effect to increase acceleration around a star seen in many science fiction films like 2010 or Deep Impact is a method proposed to increase a speed and acceleration of a space vessel so it exceeds the possible thrust it can induce itself...by traversing a gravity well across the curvature of space time.

It's not completely accurate as it's limited to one plane (the geometry use of the word), but imagine you are a miniature human standing on a billiard table except add 100 balls on it. Now your task is to dash through in the shortest possible distance and varying speed and acceleration without getting crushed by the moving balls. Good luck as they are not moving at a uniform speed and acceleration.

So imagine doing this for all the stars as seen in the first image in all four axis and planets and moons too. That is just one sector. Most of space time is empty, but still when traversing, it's highly complex, and the smallest error in navigation would have you smash into one of those objects.

And it's not just that, but caught in gravity wells. And you might skip across the outer atmosphere of a planet like a stone across the surface tension of a pond...but causing a firey release of heat due to friction. Or you might get caught in a solar flare emmision which are random but ordinarily have ranges, though an unsuspected burstcan extend as far as the sun to the Earth and cause shearing forces on the starship.
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Re: What is a sector of space time

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No problemo, right? Wrong. You can't trust your vision as where the star actually is, is a depiction of where it was in the past as it takes time for light to travel back to your eyes. Thus the actual position of the star is distorted by the light speed time.
Bild
http://www.sabrizain.org/startrek/Astro ... _Well.html

The navigator and pilot can't trust their eyes to discern what seems to them to be the instantaneous map coordinate point of that star. The imagine they see with their eyes are delayed and not only that, the gravity well distorts space time too.

And that is just one star. Imagine many stars in your field of view and every single one of them are images percepived and interpreted by your visual cortex and all images are wrong as they are delayed and distorted by gravity wells.

One could not just fly but chart a course in a supercomputer calculating the complex navigational path.
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Re: What is a sector of space time

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We have a glimmer of what is out there as we use advanced telescopes and do spectral emissions analysis on the composition of stars and planets.

It may be there is a pattern to planetary formation. It may be that certain star classes have patterns to what classes of planets form. It may be that planets are very common or much more rare then we think. Nobody knows for sure.

The estimated planets in the Milky Way that are earthlike are 6,000,000,000. That is the M class of planet types in BotE. M class are the ones that every empire wants to scarf up so establishing a claim to that sector...in the easiest manner as no terraforming is necessary.
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Re: What is a sector of space time

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So in reality, it's not claiming a star in a system, but a star cluster in 20 light years and the nine most significant planets in that sector. The galaxy map is not a map of even a planet, but a graphic depiction which excludes 95% of the actual details. When the word map is used, it typically means what geographical details can be observed, when the galaxy map is a representation, not a map. It's a very generalized illusionary idea.

And likely there would be vastly more than nine planets that could be inhabitable.

And so imagine each of six major races colonizing sectors in BotE and 150 minor races claiming a sector. So in all likelihood, there would be so MANY places to colonize in BotE that the competition wouldn't be high as just one sector might have hundreds of worlds.

The galaxy would be vast and why expand outside the sector as the logistical issues would preclude expansion until absolutely necessary? Thus the impetus for war would be smaller than most would think.
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Re: What is a sector of space time

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Humans are one species on one of six billion Earthlike planets. And other species may arise on non-Earthlike planets too. And not only that, the galactic representation is false as the galactic center is a vast distance away. The Milky Way is a spiral galaxy and has arms which are like curved spokes spun out on bicycle. Well humans don't even live on a primary arm, nor a minor arm, but in the proximity of a minor spur.
Bild
https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2017/10 ... nt-outpost

We live in a cosmic backwater, the boondocks of the galaxy. Imagine the smallest town in your country and humans would be even lower on the scale.
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Re: What is a sector of space time

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What a piece of work is man!
How noble in reason,
how infinite in faculties,
in form and moving,
how express and admirable,
in action how like an angel,
in apprehension, how like a god,
the beauty of the world,
the paragon of animals!
And yet, to me,
what is this quintessence of dust?
Man delights not me;
no, nor woman neither,
though by your smiling you seem to say so.

William Shakespeare (Hamlet II, 2)
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Re: What is a sector of space time

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The stars are so numerous that the only way to depict them in any galactic representation is like a mist or vapor. And Sol our sun is a star which would be akin to a dot of that vapor.
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https://www.newscientist.com/article/mg ... milky-way/

That is why the image seems blurry as there is no way to properly depict pinpricks of light.
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Re: What is a sector of space time

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The Milky Way galaxy is not flat, and if we tried to depict it along the z axis, it would be way off the page without extreme scaling.
Bild
https://www.space.com/milky-way-3d-map- ... shape.html

The scale of our galaxy is a diameter that is 120,000 light years. That is beyond human comprehension.

One sector is but 20 light years out of 120,000 light years or 0.0001666666666 of the galaxy.

The distance from the Sun to Neptune varies as it travels in an elipse of space time but is:
0.00047460074811487044 light years, or about 4.2 light hours away from the sun.
https://sciencing.com/distances-planets ... 74149.html

Light hours versus light years. 8760 light hours in a single light year.
4.2 divided by 8760 equals 0.0004794520547 light years. It depends upon at what point in the eliptical orbit the measurement is taken in reference to the Sun and Neptune.
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Re: What is a sector of space time

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So imagine some episode where some vessel not just traversed the galaxy, but left the galaxy. That is a distance well beyond what you or I can envision and so would be terrifying as there would be no way to ever get home. It might take lifetimes or hundreds of lifetimes or more depending on speed.
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Re: What is a sector of space time

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Now look at the galactic hub where the vast majority of star clusters are located. There, the navigation would be monsterously difficult to calculate. They probably would need a quantum computer to avoid chances of collisions plus issues with gravity wells.

Navigation along a galactic spur fragment is nothing compared to the density of star at the galactic hub. It's theorized that some quantum computer could take 200 seconds to calculate a complex problem whereas a supercomputer would take 10,000 years.

Captain (irritated) "How long until we chart the navigation to that star in the galactic hub? I'm waiting..."

Ensign "....well, better get a sandwich and a cup of coffee. Check back in 10,000 years."
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Re: What is a sector of space time

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What some people do is create empty spacetime so that the galaxy has a shape like spiral galaxy. They want things at some distance so empires are not in immediate proximity.

But the map is not what the galaxy looks like. It's not a galaxy map, but a representation. Fans realized this when mapping the Alpha and Beta quadrants for Star Trek. The "galaxy map" only illustrated what systems were important to the story, and the ones not shown, were empty space and star clusters which for intents and purposes were not habitable. So the galaxy map was not a map, but a representation of what was useful to a story or game.

So you can have empty space time, but each sector is quite full of empty space time even though it might have 83+ stars and myriad planets. Unless you can zoom in on a sector, as Medieval 2 and Rome Total War did, then the "map" is misleading.
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Re: What is a sector of space time

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The entire "galaxy map" in BotE for Android could be a grid that is 40x40, yet show one sector of space time and it still can't show the Z axis plus time so even then, all 83+ stars might not be seen. See? All those stars are at different heights above and below the flat plane (in the geometrical use of the term).

Just as the grid now shows but a single star and no planets until selected, so too in every sector as many fascinating celestial phenomena would exist in that "grid of space time"...even if it appears empty on a "galactic representation".
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Re: What is a sector of space time

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Bild
https://www.discovermagazine.com/the-sc ... everything

Just because we cannot detect anything in a region of space time, does not mean it's empty. An absence of evidence is not evidence of absence.

Realize that what humans can see is very limited in the electromagnetic spectrum.
Bild
https://imagine.gsfc.nasa.gov/science/t ... trum1.html

Human beings only see that tiny bit of color that a prism breaks up as visible light into the color spectrum. You can't see undulating radio waves. You can't see microwaves oscillating the water molecules in your food as it cooks. You can't see radiation coming off dangerous Cesium isotopes.
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